The purpose of this document is to provide guidance on the available procedures and methodologies for measuring underwater noise from surface ships. For the purposes of this document underwater noise is meant the sound ...

Most estimates of global mean sea-level rise this century fall below 2 m. This quantity is comparable to the positive vertical bias of the principle digital elevation model (DEM) used to assess global and national population ...

The potential impacts of underwater noise on marine mammals are widely recognised, but uncertainty over variability in baseline noise levels often constrains efforts to manage these impacts. This paper characterises ...

The role ships play in atmospheric, oceanic, and biogeochemical observations is described with a focus on measurements made near the ocean surface. Ships include merchant and research vessels; cruise liners and ferries; ...

The ocean is key to understanding societal threats including climate change, sea level rise, ocean warming, tsunamis, and earthquakes. Because the ocean is difficult and costly to monitor, we lack fundamental data needed ...

A coordinated effort, based on observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs), has been carried out by four European ocean forecasting centers for the first time, in order to provide insights on the present and future ...

This document is the Drifter quality control manual. It is derived from Argo floats quality control on trajectories (http://dx.doi.org/10.13155/33951). Changes from the previous version of the manual are highlighted in ...

Assigning uncertainty to ocean-color satellite products is a requirement to allowinformed use of these data. Here, uncertainty estimates are derived using the comparison on a 12th-degree grid of coincident daily records ...

Quantifying uncertainties in ocean current forecasts is an important component of formulating a response to an oil spill, e.g. to compute the anticipated oil trajectories. Polynomial Chaos (PC) methods have recently been ...

High-frequency radar, HFR, is a cost-effective monitoring technique that allows us to obtain high-resolution continuous surface currents, providing new insights for understanding small-scale transport processes in the ...